Depression impacts over 280 million people across all age groups, accounting for approximately 3.5% of the global population. Characterized by low spirits and a reluctance to engage in usual activities, depression influences a person’s thought processes, behavior, emotions, and overall well-being. Those struggling with depression often experience a diminished motivation or interest in, or a decreased sense of enjoyment or satisfaction from, activities that would typically bring them happiness or fulfillment. They may find it difficult to get up in the morning, carry out daily tasks, or maintain relationships.
A depressed mood can be a sign of mood disorders such as major depressive disorder and dysthymia. It may also be a normal, temporary response to life events like the loss of a loved one, a symptom of certain physical illnesses, or a side effect of specific medications and medical procedures. Symptoms can include feelings of sadness, trouble with thinking and focusing, significant changes in appetite and sleep patterns, and emotions of despondency or hopelessness. Individuals suffering from depression might also have thoughts of suicide. The duration of depression can vary, ranging from short-term to long-term episodes.